Comprehensive Multidisciplinary Rehabilitation for Autism Spectrum Disorder
Keywords:
autism spectrum disorder, comorbidity, rehabilitationAbstract
This review analyzes the need to move beyond the conventional symptomatic approach to autism spectrum disorder in favor of adopting a comprehensive, multidisciplinary care model. This model integrates, alongside behavioral and educational interventions supported by the strongest evidence, the management of frequently underestimated medical and psychiatric comorbidities, which contribute significantly to overall disability. To this end, a systematic search was conducted across PubMed/Medline, SciELO, Redalyc, Elsevier, Infomed, and Medscape; this was supplemented by consultations of the website of the Ministry of Public Health of the Republic of Cuba and specialized repositories. The search focused on articles published from 2020 to 2025 that addressed interventions across all areas of development and health. The findings revealed that interventions focused exclusively on core symptoms proved insufficient, as they failed to address co-occurring conditions that profoundly impact functional capacity. Conversely, the evidence supported the conclusion that a multimodal, intensive approach, implemented early on, can mitigate both core symptomatology and the disabling impact of these comorbidities. The review concludes that the primary barrier to implementing this optimal paradigm lies in its associated costs, thereby presenting a critical dilemma regarding the balance between clinical effectiveness and the economic viability of healthcare systems.
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