Influencia del programa de neurorrehabilitación en la calidad de vida en enfermedad de Parkinson
Palabras clave:
enfermedad de Parkinson, rehabilitación, calidad de vidaResumen
Introducción: El programa de neurorrehabilitación mejora los síntomas y la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en la enfermedad de Parkinson.
Objetivo: Determinar cómo influye un programa de neurorrehabilitación sobre la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud, en pacientes con enfermedad de Parkinson.
Métodos: Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo, no experimental, correlacional, longitudinal, retrospectivo entre enero de 2019 y diciembre de 2023), a 62 pacientes afectados por enfermedad de Parkinson, ingresados en el Centro Internacional de Restauración Neurológica. Se analizaron variables sociodemográficas, clínicas y de calidad de vida al inicio y al término del programa. Los datos fueron procesados en SPSS 27.0, mediante estadística descriptiva (frecuencias, porcentajes, medidas de tendencia central, dispersión y de posición), prueba de Chi-cuadrado (p < 0,05), prueba de Wilcoxon y un modelo de regresión logística binaria.
Resultados: Hubo predominio en adultos mayores (67,7 %), masculinos (75,8 %), en estadio II de la enfermedad (2,1±0,5), con bradicinesia (100 %), temblor (93,5 %); insomnio (79 %) y ansiedad-depresión (72,5 %). La mejor respuesta al programa estuvo en enfermos jóvenes (-0,708), en estadios iniciales (-0,799), aparición clínica tardía (0,925), con mejoras significativas (p = 000) en la movilidad, actividades de la vida diaria, cognición, comunicación y malestar corporal.
Conclusiones: El programa de neurorrehabilitación influye de manera positiva en la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en pacientes con enfermedad de Parkinson, al mejorar su movilidad, actividades de la vida diaria, cognición, comunicación y malestar corporal, con mayor beneficio en pacientes jóvenes, con menor tiempo de evolución, inicio tardío de síntomas y estadio temprano de la enfermedad.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Mayra Beatriz Santander Romero, Tania Bravo Acosta , Yuneisys Coronados Valladares , Bárbara Yumila Noa Pelier
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial 4.0.
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